On this day the French army of King Francis I was virtually annihilated by the army of the Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V in the decisive Battle of Pavia, just south of Milan in the north of Italy. The battle was the culmination of the Italian War of 1521-1526 which centred around the control of Lombardy in northern Italy. Francis I occupied Milan in 1524 and then laid siege to the city of Pavia, part of the Holy Roman Empire, in October with 26,000 troops. Charles V sent a relief force of 22,000 troops to break the siege. The battle was fought in the Visconti Park of Mirabello di Pavia, outside the city walls. In the four-hour battle, the French army was divided and defeated. Many of the chief nobles of France were killed, and others – including Francis I himself – were captured. Francis I remained a prisoner until the signing of the Treaty of Madrid in 1526.
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