English Civil War – Ingliando

On this day, Sir Henry Lingen, commander of the royalist garrison billeted at Goodrich Castle in Herefordshire during the English Civil War, was forced to surrender and abandon his stronghold. The castle had resisted the siege of the Parlamentarian commander, Colonel John Birch, since the beginning of June, but with the arrival of Roaring Meg, further resistance had become impossible. Roaring Meg was an enormous cannon capable of firing a hollow iron ball filled with gunpowder and weighing 85 kg which Birch is said to have ordered from a local blacksmith in a forge near the castle. The colonel concentrated his assault on the north-west tower (the Lady Tower), seen as one of the castle’s weak points, where the canon proved very effective at punching holes in the massive walls. Tradition has it that as the garrison left the castle after surrendering, the Parliamentarians played a tune on makeshift instruments, later known as ‘Sir Harry Lingen’s Fancy’.

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On this day King Charles I of England marched into parliament with an army of about 400 soldiers. He was convinced that five of the politicians in the House of Commons were the ringleaders of unrest in London whose intention was to incite widespread riots against the king’s authority. The five politicians were not present when he arrived and Charles was forced to leave, but later in the year he declared war on Parliament. It was the start of the English Civil War between the Cavaliers (monarchici) and the Roundheads (parlamentari). Charles lost the war and was tried for high treason, found guilty, and beheaded.

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