gunpowder plot – Ingliando

On this day, the English and Scottish crowns were united for the first time when King James VI of Scotland [1567-1625] became King James I of England and Ireland on the death of his cousin Queen Elizabeth I, the last Tudor monarch. After the Union of the Crowns, James based himself in England and styled himself “King of Great Britain and Ireland“. Although he tried hard to establish a closer political union, the kingdoms of Scotland and England remained sovereign states, with their own parliaments, judiciaries, and laws. In Scotland, James achieved his aims, but he faced great difficulties in England, including the Gunpowder Plot in 1605 and conflicts with the English Parliament. During his reign, the Golden Age of Elizabethan literature and drama continued, with writers such as William Shakespeare, John Donne, and Francis Bacon contributing to a flourishing literary culture.

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On this day, the Catholic revolutionary Guy Fawkes, having been found guilty of high treason, was put to death in the Old Palace Yard at Westminster. Thanks to a tip-off, Fawkes had been caught red-handed in the basement of the House of Lords armed with matches and numerous barrels of gunpowder and was consequently accused of attempting to kill King James by blowing up the House of Lords during the opening ceremony of Parliament on 5th November. On subsequent torture, Fawkes revealed the names of his co-conspirators and all eight were sentenced to be hanged, drawn and quartered. To this day, every 5th November, the British people light bonfires and burn effigies of Guy Fawkes to commemorate the failure of the conspiracy.